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  DOI Prefix   10.20431


 

International Journal of Research in Environmental Science
Volume 4, Issue 2, 2018, Page No: 1-10
doi:dx.doi.org/10.20431/2454-9444.0402001

Transfer of Potentially Toxic Metals from Soil to Crops Cultivated on Irrigated Farmlands along River Delimi in Jos, Nigeria

Sabo A.1,Gani A.M.2,Ibrahim A.Q.3

1.Department of Environmental Management Technology, AbubakarTafawaBalewa University, P. M. B. 0248, Bauchi. Bauchi State, Nigeria.
2.Department of Biological Sciences, AbubakarTafawaBalewa University P. M. B. 0248, Bauchi. Bauchi State, Nigeria.
3.Department of Chemistry, Nigeria Police Academy Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria.

Citation : Sabo A.,Gani A.M.,Ibrahim A.Q., Transfer of Potentially Toxic Metals from Soil to Crops Cultivated on Irrigated Farmlands along River Delimi in Jos, Nigeria International Journal of Research in Environmental Science 2018,4(2) : 1-10

Abstract

The accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soil is a source of concern because of food safety issues. The present study was aimed at evaluating the Transfer Factors(TFs) of potentially toxic metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) from soil into the food chain by assessing the levels of these metals in soils and vegetables (Carrot, Cabbage, Lettuce and Spinach) obtained from farmlands along River Delimi in Jos city. The metals content in soils and vegetables were determined using 210 VGP Model, Buck Scientific Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) after extraction with Aqua-regia. The data generated were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics followed by the determination of TFs calculated as the ratio of the concentrations of the metals in crops to the concentrations in soils. The results revealed that both the soil and crop samples collected at the study area contained more metals than those at the control site. Additionally, the metals generally had highest TFs values at the study area compared to the control site. The least TFs values for these metals in the crops at the control site could be attributed to the lower mean total metals content in the soils. This further suggests that plant absorption of these metals was mainly controlled by the content that is available in the soil. It is recommended that farmers should cultivate plant species (legumes, cereals, potatoes etc.) with low metal uptake and avoid the cultivation of crops such as carrots, spinach, lettuce that are known to accumulate high amount of metals. The metal transfer into food chain could also be reduced through cultivation of industrial crops such as Jatrophaand castor plants known for their high oil content. Furthermore Farm Yard Manure should be applied to the soil as it reduces the bioavailability of the heavy metals to the crops.


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