Quality Assessment of Waterside River, Ogbor Hill Aba 4: Effect of Three-Point Samples on Hepatic Histo-Morphology and Some Seric Bio-Functional Indicators of Wistar Rats
Anthony Cemaluk C.Egbuonu1,Okechukwu C.Atasie2,Chimaroke Onyeabo3,Nancy O.Uchenna4
Citation : Anthony Cemaluk C.Egbuonu,et.al, Quality Assessment of Waterside River, Ogbor Hill Aba 4: Effect of Three-Point Samples on Hepatic Histo-Morphology and Some Seric Bio-Functional Indicators of Wistar Rats International Journal of Research in Environmental Science 2018,4(1) : 62-72
Three-point samples from waterside River Ogbor hill Aba (WRO) were assessed for heavy metals content and effect on rats' hepatic histo-morphology and seric bio-indicators using standard protocols. Heavy metals were least in upstream compared to downstream and midstream samples. Upstream exposure lowered (p< 0.05) while midstream and downstream exposure increased (p< 0.05) serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity as compared to control rats. The higher (p< 0.05) serum aspartate aminotransferease (AST) activity of the samples compared to control was statistically different (p< 0.05) among the groups. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the three-point samples-treated rats was statistically higher (p< 0.05) compared to control but comparatively lower (p< 0.05) in the upstream-exposed rats. Higher (p< 0.05) computed AST:ALT (lower ALT:AST) and lower (p< 0.05) ALT:ALP (higher ALP:ALT) ratios in the upstream-exposed rats compared to the other groups, but statistically higher (p< 0.05) ALP:AST (lower ALP:AST) ratios in the samples-exposed rats compared to control excluded liver damage from upstream-induced effects while implicating other high metabolic organs damage with the three-point samples-induced effects. Moderately deranged hepatic histomorphology of upstream-exposed rats but widespread hydropic degeneration or completely congested portal vein of either midstream or downstreamexposed rats' histo-morphology suggested milder upstream-induced hepatic histo-morphologic derangement while confirming the seric results. The study demonstrated high heavy metals and attendant nom-potability in, notably midstream and downstream, samples from WRO that seemingly reflected the adversity on the hepatic histomorphology and seric bio-indicators of the rats, warranting urgent intervention and further studies that could ensure the obliteration of the heavy metal content of waterside river Ogbor hill, Aba.