Spatio-Temporal Variability in Domestic Water Demand and Supply in Calabar Metropolis
Eni, D. Imoke1, Digha, O. N.1, Abua, Moses1
Citation : Eni, D. Imoke, Digha, O. N., Abua, Moses, Spatio-Temporal Variability in Domestic Water Demand and Supply in Calabar Metropolis International Journal of Research in Environmental Science 2015,1(1) : 20-29
Water is vital for the sustenance of life and the economic development of a country. In Nigeria, the government has put in place different programmes aimed at improving and stabilizing the water supply condition of its populace. Unequal temporal and spatial variability in water demand and distribution in the area is due to change in climate, high demand for drinking water, urban expansion and population explosion. The situation becomes aggravated by corrupt practices exhibited by heads of Municipal water boards saddled with the responsibility of managing the process of water supply in Calabar metropolis. A total of ten (10) wards were selected for the study and two hundred and thirty (230) questionnaires were distributed to the respondents inhabiting the study area. Private boreholes were the highest source of water supply with 41.3% and streams was the lowest with 4.3%. Also people residing at parliamentary Road trekked a distance of 5.5km to access potable water. The research revealed that domestic water demand and supply varies spatially and temporally among households within the study area. It was recommended that development in the study area should take into account projected population growth and finite water resources. Government should provide more water sources and pumping stations with independent water connection networks in all the wards within Calabar Municipality. Government should also augment the existing pipes and fix the dilapidated ones in order to increase the quantity of water supplied in the area.