In order to establish an ecological three-dimensional culture model of Procambarus clarkii and Rhodeus sinensis. A density gradient of 10,000 and 20,000 tails per mu was set, and the seedling mass was 5.3231±1.6827 g; 5,000 Rhodeus sinensis (1.3256±0.2126 g) were reared in a mixed manner respectively. compared with the group without Rhodeus sinensis, they were reared for a total of 130 days, and were reared for large and small from the 40th day onwards. The results showed that the average body mass of low-density shrimp group was significantly higher than that of high-density shrimp group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups. After stocking the Chinese sole, the shrimp output in the low-density group increased by 9.23 % compared with that in the control group, while that in the high-density group increased by 19.69 %. The survival rate of shrimp in high density group was 11 % higher than that in control group. Compared with the control group, the total mass of Chinese sole in the low-density group decreased by 23.3 %, and that in the high and low-density group decreased by 35.8 %. the average body mass was significantly lower than that before stocking. The results showed that the ecological polyculture model was beneficial to the growth of Procambarus clarkii population, but it would destroy the stability of the fish population.